19th-Century Art by Laurie Schneider Adams

Author:Laurie Schneider Adams
Language: eng
Format: mobi
ISBN: 9781780745428
Publisher: Oneworld Publications
Published: 0101-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

Politics and money

The 1870s were a period of political turmoil in Western Europe. On July 19, 1870, France declared war on Prussia; Napoleon III surrendered in September following a decisive Prussian victory at the Battle of Sedan, and the Prussians set siege to Paris. As a result, Napoleon, Bonaparte’s nephew – the last French monarch – who had been installed as emperor in December 1852, was exiled to England. The Third Republic was established. In January, 1871, Paris surrendered; this concluded the Franco-Prussian War, and in March the Paris Commune was formed to establish a socialist government. Despite the political and social upheaval of the 1870s, the subject matter of Impressionism generally avoided allusions to contemporary historical events. Some of the artists had strong political views: Manet was a republican who opposed Napoleon III; Pissarro was an anarchist; Renoir favored restoring the monarchy, hoping that it would stabilize the government. With the exception of Manet, who produced a few overtly political pictures, and Degas, who painted historical subjects such as Spartans Exercising, Semiramis Building Babylon, and Alexander and Bucephalus early in his career and whose anti-Semitism became evident in some of the figures with obviously Jewish features that he painted around the time of the Dreyfus Affair, Impressionist allusions to politics and history are subliminal at best. What they did paint, however, were manifestations of social and technological change.

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